Réduction mammaire

 

Qu'est-ce que la réduction mammaire ?

 

La réduction mammaire, également connue sous le nom de mammoplastie de réduction, est une chirurgie esthétique des seins qui vise à créer des seins attrayants et à accroître la mobilité de la patiente en retirant l'excès de graisse, de tissu mammaire et de peau des seins.

 

Pourquoi procède-t-on à une réduction mammaire ?

 

Les gros seins s'affaissent souvent et donnent l'impression d'être plus vieux. Bien que la réduction mammaire puisse être pratiquée pour des raisons esthétiques, elle est souvent effectuée pour soulager la douleur. Le poids des seins peut modifier le centre de gravité, provoquer des douleurs au niveau du cou, des épaules ou du dos et limiter les mouvements. La chirurgie de réduction mammaire peut donner un aspect esthétique aux seins tout en soulageant les problèmes de santé causés par les gros seins.

 

Quelles sont les conditions pour bénéficier d'une chirurgie de réduction mammaire ?

 

La chirurgie de réduction mammaire est accessible à de nombreuses patientes, moyennant un petit nombre de conditions. Elle est recommandée aux patientes suivantes :

 

  • Les patients qui sont suffisamment en bonne santé pour subir une anesthésie générale.
  • Les patients âgés de plus de 18 ans ou de plus de 15 ans avec le consentement des parents et la recommandation du médecin.
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Quels sont les éléments à prendre en compte avant une réduction mammaire ?

Avant l'opération :

 

 

  • Le patient doit se rendre à l'hôpital un jour avant l'opération pour que les tests préopératoires soient effectués.
  • Le patient doit arrêter de fumer et de consommer de l'alcool au moins deux semaines avant l'opération afin d'atténuer le risque de formation d'un caillot sanguin.
  • Le patient doit éviter les médicaments contenant de l'aspirine ou de l'ibuprofène (Advil, Motrin IB, autres) pendant les deux semaines précédant et suivant l'opération. Ces médicaments peuvent augmenter le risque d'hémorragie interne. Les patients doivent confirmer chaque médicament et supplément qu'ils souhaitent prendre avec leur coordinateur de patients.
  • Le patient doit cesser de prendre des suppléments multivitaminiques 7 jours avant l'opération, et s'ils contiennent de la vitamine K, ils ne doivent pas être utilisés pendant les 30 jours suivant l'opération.
  • Le patient doit arrêter de prendre des contraceptifs oraux 30 jours avant l'intervention chirurgicale.

 

Le corps de la patiente sera également examiné et mesuré, et le chirurgien tracera des lignes sur le corps pour planifier l'emplacement des incisions.

 

Comment se déroule l'opération de réduction mammaire ?

 

L'opération commence par une anesthésie générale. Des incisions sont pratiquées autour du mamelon et s'étendent vers le bas du sein. L'excès de tissu mammaire, de peau et de graisse est retiré, ce qui réduit le volume du sein. Une liposuccion peut également être pratiquée à ce moment-là. Après l'ablation de l'excès de tissu et de graisse, le sein et le mamelon sont remodelés pour leur donner un aspect esthétique. En fonction de la taille initiale du sein, le chirurgien plasticien peut retirer les mamelons au début de l'intervention et les rattacher à ce stade de l'opération. Les incisions sont ensuite refermées à l'aide de sutures et un drain peut être placé pour éviter l'accumulation de liquide.

 

L'hospitalisation pour une réduction mammaire dure en moyenne 5 à 6 jours.

 

Quels sont les éléments à prendre en compte après une réduction mammaire ?

 

Après l'opération, les tissus mammaires seront soutenus par des bandages et des pansements :

 

  • Éviter les activités physiques intenses.
  • Éviter les activités pénibles ou les pressions sur la zone du sein.
  • Avoir un régime alimentaire sain, car cela accélérera le processus de guérison.
  • Prendre les médicaments qui leur sont prescrits selon les instructions de leur médecin.
  • Porter des vêtements amples et confortables.
  • Éviter de se coucher face contre terre, car cela exercera une pression sur les seins.

 

Au début, les mouvements du bras sont douloureux, mais la douleur diminue et disparaît complètement en quelques semaines. La patiente peut reprendre sa vie quotidienne au bout de 2 à 3 semaines.

 

Quels sont les risques de la réduction mammaire ?

 

Les risques associés à la réduction mammaire sont notamment les suivants :

 

  • Accumulation de liquide près de la peau
  • Caillots de sang
  • Infection
  • Gonflement
  • Mauvaise cicatrisation des plaies
  • Cicatrice
  • Changements dans la sensation de la peau
  • Réaction indésirable à l'anesthésie
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