Gynécomastie

Qu'est-ce que la chirurgie de la gynécomastie ?

 

La gynécomastie, également appelée gynécomastie et réduction mammaire masculine, est le développement anormal du tissu mammaire chez l'homme dû à un déséquilibre entre les hormones œstrogènes et testostérone. L'obésité, la croissance du tissu mammaire due à l'augmentation du tissu adipeux dans tout le corps, est appelée pseudo-gynécomastie. La gynécomastie peut disparaître d'elle-même, mais si ce n'est pas le cas, la chirurgie de la gynécomastie est la meilleure option pour éliminer l'excès de tissu mammaire.

 

Pourquoi la chirurgie de la gynécomastie est-elle pratiquée ?

 

La gynécomastie peut apparaître à tout âge, mais elle est plus fréquente chez les enfants en pleine puberté et chez les hommes de plus de 50 ans. L'apparence physique causée par la gynécomastie est communément appelée "seins d'homme". L'hypertrophie mammaire peut être stressante et gênante pour de nombreux hommes. La gynécomastie est l'affection mammaire masculine la plus courante et touche 50 à 65 ?s hommes. La chirurgie de la gynécomastie permet d'éliminer complètement l'excès de tissu mammaire et de redonner un aspect physique attrayant aux seins.

 

Quelles sont les conditions pour une chirurgie de la gynécomastie ?

 

La chirurgie de la gynécomastie est recommandée aux patients masculins suivants :

 

  • Les patientes qui sont en assez bonne santé pour subir une anesthésie générale.
  • Les patientes qui ont un tissu mammaire excessif.
  • Les patientes âgées de plus de 18 ans ou de plus de 15 ans avec le consentement des parents et la recommandation du médecin.
  • Les patientes dont l'indice de masse corporelle (IMC) est inférieur à 30.

 

Quels sont les éléments à prendre en compte avant la chirurgie de la gynécomastie ?

 

Avant l'opération :

 

  • Le patient doit se rendre à l'hôpital un jour avant l'opération pour que les tests préopératoires soient effectués.
  • Le patient doit arrêter de fumer et de consommer de l'alcool au moins deux semaines avant l'opération afin d'atténuer le risque de formation d'un caillot sanguin.
  • Le patient doit éviter les médicaments contenant de l'aspirine ou de l'ibuprofène (Advil, Motrin IB, autres) pendant les deux semaines précédant et suivant l'opération. Ces médicaments peuvent augmenter le risque d'hémorragie interne. Les patients doivent confirmer chaque médicament et supplément qu'ils souhaitent prendre avec leur coordinateur de patients.
  • Le patient doit cesser de prendre des suppléments multivitaminiques 7 jours avant l'intervention chirurgicale, et la vitamine K ne doit pas être utilisée pendant les 30 jours suivant l'intervention.
  • Le patient doit arrêter de prendre des contraceptifs oraux 30 jours avant l'intervention chirurgicale.

 

Le corps du patient sera également examiné et mesuré, et le chirurgien tracera des lignes sur le corps pour planifier l'emplacement des incisions.

 

Comment se déroule l'opération de la gynécomastie ?

 

La chirurgie de la gynécomastie commence par une anesthésie générale.

L'opération peut comprendre l'ablation de la graisse, du tissu adipeux ou des deux. Des incisions sont pratiquées autour des seins. En cas d'ablation de graisse, une liposuccion est pratiquée à travers l'incision. S'il s'agit d'une ablation de tissu mammaire, le chirurgien retire également le tissu par l'incision et remodèle ensuite les seins. Après l'ablation des tissus, les mamelons peuvent être ajustés pour les rendre plus attrayants. Les incisions sont ensuite refermées à l'aide de sutures.

 

Si seule une liposuccion est pratiquée, l'intervention dure en moyenne une heure. Dans le cas contraire, l'intervention peut durer de 2 à 4 heures, en fonction de la taille des seins, de l'état de l'excès de peau et de la technique chirurgicale appliquée.

Quels sont les éléments à prendre en compte après l'opération de gynécomastie ?

 

Après l'opération, le thorax sera soutenu par des bandages et des plâtres. Si des drains tubulaires ont été placés, ils seront retirés 48 heures après l'opération. Le patient doit veiller aux points suivants :

 

  • Le patient doit porter un corset de gynécomastie pendant 4 à 6 semaines, qui exercera une pression sur le sein et sera fourni après l'opération.
  • Le patient doit éviter les activités physiques intenses, comme les séances d'entraînement lourdes, pendant les 6 semaines suivant l'opération.
  • La patiente doit avoir un régime alimentaire sain, car cela accélérera le processus de guérison.
  • Le patient doit prendre les médicaments qui lui ont été prescrits selon les instructions de son médecin.
  • Le patient doit éviter de s'allonger sur le ventre car cela exercera une pression sur la poitrine.

 

Les patientes peuvent reprendre le travail 5 à 7 jours après l'opération. Proportionnellement à la diminution du volume des seins, le diamètre du mamelon diminue également et sa couleur prend un ton plus foncé.

 

 

Quels sont les risques de la chirurgie de la gynécomastie ?

 

Comme pour toute intervention chirurgicale, la chirurgie de la gynécomastie comporte des risques. Ceux-ci incluent, mais ne sont pas limités à ce qui suit :

 

  • Accumulation de liquide près de la peau, sérome.
  • Caillots de sang
  • Saignement
  • Infection
  • Gonflement
  • Guérison lente de la plaie
  • Cicatrice
  • Changements dans la sensation de la peau
  • Réaction indésirable à l'anesthésie

 

Toutes les interventions de réduction mammaire laissent des cicatrices.

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