Reducción de mamas

¿Qué es la cirugía de Reducción de Mamas?

 La Reducción de Mamas, también conocida como Mamoplastia de Reducción, es una cirugía de Estética Mamaria que tiene como objetivo crear unas mamas atractivas y aumentar la movilidad de la paciente mediante la eliminación del exceso de grasa, tejido mamario y piel de las mamas.

 

¿Por qué se realiza una reducción mamaria?

Los pechos más grandes a menudo se caen y crean una apariencia de mayor edad. Y aunque la reducción mamaria puede realizarse por motivos estéticos, a menudo también se realiza para aliviar el dolor. El peso de las mamas puede hacer que cambie el centro de gravedad, causar dolor en el cuello, los hombros o la espalda y restringir los movimientos. La cirugía de Reducción de Mamas puede dar un atractivo estético a las mamas a la vez que alivia los problemas de salud que causan las mamas grandes.

 

¿Cuáles son las condiciones para someterse a una cirugía de reducción mamaria?

La cirugía de Reducción de Mamas es accesible a muchas pacientes con sólo un pequeño número de requisitos. Se recomienda a las siguientes pacientes:

  • Los pacientes que estén suficientemente sanos para someterse a anestesia general.
  • Los pacientes mayores de 18 años o mayores de 15 con el consentimiento paterno y la recomendación del médico.

 

¿Qué hay que tener en cuenta antes de una reducción mamaria?

Antes de la cirugía:

  • El paciente debe estar en el hospital un día antes de su intervención para que se le realicen las pruebas preoperatorias.
  • El paciente debe dejar de fumar y consumir alcohol al menos 2 semanas antes de la cirugía para aliviar el riesgo de un coágulo de sangre.
  • El paciente debe evitar medicamentos que contengan aspirina o ibuprofeno (Advil, Motrin IB, otros) durante dos semanas antes y después de la cirugía. Estos medicamentos pueden aumentar el riesgo de hemorragia interna. Los pacientes deben confirmar cada medicamento y suplemento que deseen tomar con su Coordinador de Pacientes.
  • El paciente debe dejar de tomar suplementos Multivitamínicos 7 días antes de la cirugía, y si contiene vitamina K no debe usarse durante los 30 días siguientes a la cirugía.
  • El paciente debe dejar de tomar anticonceptivos orales 30 días antes de la cirugía.

 

Además, se examinará y medirá el cuerpo de la paciente, y el cirujano trazará líneas en el cuerpo para planificar dónde se harán las incisiones.

 

¿Cómo se realiza la reducción mamaria?

 La cirugía comienza con la administración de anestesia general. Se realizan incisiones alrededor del pezón que se extienden hacia abajo a través de la mama. Se elimina el exceso de tejido mamario, piel y grasa, reduciendo el volumen de la mama. Además, en este momento puede realizarse una liposucción. Una vez eliminado el exceso de tejido y grasa, se remodela la mama y el pezón para conseguir un aspecto estéticamente agradable. Dependiendo del tamaño inicial de la mama, el cirujano plástico puede retirar los pezones al principio de la cirugía y volver a colocarlos en este punto de la cirugía. Las incisiones se suturan y se coloca un drenaje para evitar la acumulación de líquido.

 

La estancia hospitalaria de una cirugía de Reducción de Mamas, en promedio, es de 5 a 6 días.

 

¿Qué hay que tener en cuenta después de una reducción mamaria?

Después de la cirugía el tejido mamario será sostenido con vendas y esparadrapos, la paciente deberá tener cuidado con lo siguiente:

  • Evitar actividades físicas extenuantes.
  • Evitar actividades extenuantes o presionar la zona del pecho.
  • Llevar una dieta sana, ya que acelerará el proceso de curación.
  • Tomar la medicación prescrita por el médico.
  • Llevar ropa holgada y cómoda.
  • Evitar tumbarse boca abajo, ya que ejercerá presión sobre los senos.

 

Al principio, los movimientos del brazo causarán dolor, pero el dolor disminuirá y desaparecerá por completo en unas semanas. La paciente puede reincorporarse a su vida cotidiana en 2 ó 3 semanas.

 

¿Cuáles son los riesgos de la reducción mamaria?

 Los riesgos asociados a la reducción mamaria son, entre otros, los siguientes:

  • Acumulación de líquido cerca de la piel, Seroma.
  • Coágulos de sangre
  • Infección
  • Hinchazón
  • Mala cicatrización de la herida
  • Cicatrización
  • Cambios en la sensibilidad de la piel
  • Reacción adversa a la anestesia
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