Implantes dentales

¿Qué son los implantes dentales?

Los implantes dentales son raíces dentales artificiales hechas de titanio y se colocan en la mandíbula. Los implantes dentales son tornillos metálicos permanentes que aseguran los dientes artificiales, como coronas o dentaduras postizas. Los implantes dentales son el método de sensación más cómodo y natural para insertar dientes artificiales.

¿Por qué se realizan los implantes dentales?

Los implantes dentales se utilizan para restaurar los dientes perdidos o dañados de un paciente. La pérdida de dientes puede deberse a numerosas razones, incluyendo:

  • Cavidades
  • Exceso de apriete o rechinamiento de los dientes
  • Enfermedad de las encías
  • Dientes perdidos congénitamente
  • Lesión facial

¿Cuáles son las condiciones para los implantes dentales?

Se recomiendan implantes dentales a pacientes que:

  • Son mayores de 18 años, ya que la mandíbula debe haber alcanzado el crecimiento completo.
  • Tener encías y mandíbula saludables.
  • No sufra de enfermedades sistémicas como la diabetes, la enfermedad de Parkinson y ciertas enfermedades autoinmunes, ya que aumentan el riesgo de infección u otras complicaciones relacionadas con los implantes.
  • No prefiera usar dentadura postiza.

Los pacientes con pérdida ósea, específicamente en su mandíbula, aún pueden ser elegibles para tener un implante dental después de un procedimiento de injerto óseo exitoso. Los pacientes con enfermedad de las encías generalmente continuarán perdiendo tejido de las encías y corren un mayor riesgo de infección después de insertar el implante dental.

¿Cuáles son las cosas que se deben considerar antes de los implantes dentales?

Se toma el historial de salud del paciente y se examina para crear un plan de tratamiento para el paciente. Después de que el paciente llega a Turquía, se realiza un examen dental exhaustivo e incluye un análisis de sangre exhaustivo para determinar a qué tipo de sedación debe someterse el paciente. Los pacientes también reciben una radiografía panorámica tomada antes del procedimiento para obtener mediciones precisas de los implantes.

¿Cómo se colocan los implantes dentales?

Los implantes personalizados se producen de acuerdo con los resultados panorámicos de rayos X. La anestesia local se aplica a la parte de la mandíbula donde se insertará el implante. A continuación, el cirujano dental hace un corte en las encías para exponer el hueso. A continuación, se perforan agujeros en el hueso para colocar el poste de metal del implante profundamente en el hueso. La encía en el área donde se colocó el implante se sutura.

Se necesitan de 2 a 4 meses para que el hueso de la mandíbula crezca en la superficie del implante de metal y se fusione con él. Mientras que en la mayoría de los casos, una vez que el hueso se cura sobre el implante, la corona se une, pero en algunos casos, la parte entre el poste del implante y la corona, el pilar, se insertará después de que el crecimiento óseo se complete con una cirugía mínimamente invasiva.

¿Cuáles son las cosas que se deben considerar después de recibir implantes dentales?

Se recomienda a los pacientes que sigan diligentemente las instrucciones de su cirujano, lo que incluye tomar el medicamento recetado proporcionado. Los pacientes solo deben comer alimentos líquidos o blandos, como alisadores o yogur, durante una semana después de la cirugía y también evitar los alimentos picantes o calientes. Se debe evitar fumar durante una semana después de la cirugía, ya que el espacio que rodea el nuevo implante es una herida abierta y fumar aumentará el riesgo de infección. El paciente también debe estar atento al enjuagar o escupir y evitar tocar la herida.

¿Cuáles son los riesgos de los implantes dentales?

Las complicaciones de los implantes dentales son muy raras e incluso si ocurren, son fácilmente tratables. Los riesgos de los implantes dentales incluyen, entre otros:

  • Infección en el lugar donde se insertó el implante.
  • Dolor o pérdida de sentido en el área del implante.
  • Daño a los nervios.
  • Los dientes o vasos sanguíneos cerca del sitio del implante están dañados.
  • Los problemas sinusales también pueden ocurrir si un implante colocado en la mandíbula superior cruza los senos.
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