Correção da orelha

O que é a cirurgia de correção da orelha?

 

A cirurgia de Correção da Orelha, formalmente conhecida como Otoplastia, tem como objetivo melhorar a aparência de orelhas anormalmente posicionadas e salientes, reposicionando e colocando as orelhas mais perto da cabeça ou alterando o tamanho e a forma das orelhas.

 

Porque é realizada a correção da orelha?

 

A cirurgia de correção da orelha é realizada para resolver o problema das orelhas do doente serem inconsistentes ou demasiado grandes para a sua cabeça. Os doentes podem considerar a cirurgia de correção da orelha se as orelhas estiverem deformadas devido a um acidente ou a um defeito de nascença.

Quais são as condições para a correção da orelha?

 

A cirurgia de correção das orelhas é realizada maioritariamente em crianças ou adolescentes, mas também pode e é realizada em adultos. Recomenda-se que as crianças com orelhas separadas e salientes sejam submetidas à cirurgia de correção a partir dos 6 a 8 anos de idade. A cirurgia de correção da orelha não é adequada para crianças com menos de 6 anos, uma vez que a cartilagem da orelha é demasiado mole para segurar os pontos. O paciente precisa de ser capaz de se submeter à anestesia com segurança para fazer uma correção da orelha.

 

Quais são os factores a ter em conta antes da correção da orelha?

 

Recomenda-se aos pacientes o seguinte:

 

 

  • O doente deve estar no hospital um dia antes da cirurgia para efetuar os testes pré-operatórios.
  • O doente deve deixar de fumar e de consumir álcool pelo menos 2 semanas antes da cirurgia para reduzir o risco de coágulo sanguíneo.
  • O doente deve evitar medicação que contenha aspirina ou ibuprofeno (Advil, Motrin IB, outros) durante duas semanas antes da cirurgia. Estes medicamentos podem aumentar o risco de hemorragia interna. Os pacientes devem confirmar cada medicamento e suplemento que desejam tomar com o coordenador do paciente.
  • O paciente deve parar de tomar multivitaminas 7 dias antes da cirurgia e, se contiverem vitamina K, não devem ser usadas durante 30 dias após a cirurgia.
  • A paciente deve parar de tomar contraceptivos orais 30 dias antes da cirurgia.

Como é efectuada a correção das orelhas?

 

As orelhas serão corretamente colocadas mais perto da cabeça e o tamanho também pode ser reduzido para proporcionar uma aparência mais uniforme. A técnica de otoplastia utilizada dependerá do que o paciente pretende alterar nas suas orelhas. Normalmente é feita uma pequena incisão na parte de trás da orelha para aceder à cartilagem auricular, depois a cartilagem é ajustada de acordo com o que o doente pretende. As cicatrizes da cirurgia de Otoplastia ficam escondidas atrás da orelha. O procedimento pode ser efectuado com anestesia local ou anestesia geral.

 

Quais são os aspectos a ter em conta após a correção da orelha?

 

Ambas as orelhas são mantidas enfaixadas por até dois dias após a cirurgia. As ligaduras são depois substituídas por uma banda elástica que deve ser mantida durante o sono durante um mês. A maioria dos adultos pode voltar ao trabalho 5 dias após a cirurgia.

 

Os resultados da cirurgia são permanentes e podem ser observados imediatamente após a cirurgia.

 

Os doentes devem ter em atenção o seguinte:

 

  • Ter uma dieta saudável, uma vez que isso tornará o processo de cura mais rápido.
  • Tomar a medicação prescrita de acordo com as instruções do médico.
  • Manter a cabeça o mais direita possível para garantir um fluxo sanguíneo normal durante as primeiras semanas após a cirurgia.
  • Evitar a utilização de secadores de cabelo ou outras ferramentas de modelação aquecidas durante um mês após a cirurgia.
  • Não efetuar exercícios fisicamente extenuantes durante 6 semanas até depois da cirurgia.
  •  

Quais são os riscos da correção da orelha?

 

A cirurgia de correção da orelha é um procedimento comum e é considerado relativamente seguro. No entanto, existem alguns riscos associados, como em qualquer outra cirurgia.

 

  • Após a cirurgia de correção das orelhas, o reposicionamento das orelhas pode reduzir temporariamente a sensação da pele à volta das orelhas.
  • As cicatrizes podem permanecer, mas ficam bem escondidas atrás das orelhas.
  • Os pacientes podem ter uma assimetria como resultado de alterações durante o processo de cicatrização e podem precisar de uma revisão.
  • A cirurgia de correção da orelha pode criar contornos não naturais que podem fazer com que as orelhas pareçam estar excessivamente presas para trás.
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