Variações do Abdominoplastia

O que é a cirurgia de Abdominoplastia?

 

A cirurgia de Abdominoplastia é uma cirurgia estética corporal que tem como objetivo tornar o abdómen mais fino e firme através da remoção do excesso de pele e gordura do abdómen médio e inferior. A cirurgia de Abdominoplastia aperta também o músculo e a fáscia da parede abdominal.

 

Por que razão é realizado o Abdominoplastia?

 

O excesso de pele flácida no abdómen pode dever-se ao envelhecimento, à perda de peso excessiva e ao parto. A cirurgia de Abdominoplastia é a melhor opção para remover a pele flácida no abdómen, e o tipo ideal de cirurgia de Abdominoplastia é recomendado pelo Cirurgião Plástico responsável.

 

Quais são as condições para o Abdominoplastia?

 

A cirurgia de Abdominoplastia é uma das cirurgias plásticas mais comuns e tem algumas condições que precisam de ser cumpridas.

  • O paciente deve ser elegível para se submeter a anestesia geral.
  • O paciente deve ter excesso de flacidez da pele e excesso de tecido adiposo no tecido abdominal, particularmente sob a barriga. Indivíduos com músculos abdominais soltos, fissuras na pele sob a barriga, tecido adiposo abdominal flácido apesar da perda de peso são candidatos elegíveis.
  • O Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) do doente deve ser inferior a 30.

Quais são os tipos de cirurgia de Abdominoplastia?

Existem diferentes cirurgias de Abdominoplastia, cada uma abrangendo uma área diferente do corpo. A cirurgia de Abdominoplastia adequada para um doente deve ser aconselhada por um cirurgião. As cirurgias de Abdominoplastia incluem:

O Abdominoplastia padrão:

Também chamado de Abdominoplastia Tradicional ou Cirurgia de Abdominoplastia Total, envolve emissões entre os ossos da anca e muitas vezes uma incisão à volta do umbigo, o umbigo. Durante a cirurgia, o cirurgião plástico aperta os músculos e puxa para baixo a pele sobre o estômago, removendo o excesso de pele.

Elevação alargada do abdómen:

O Elevação alargada do abdómen é a combinação de um Abdominoplastia Total com um Elevação Lateral de Coxas. As incisões são feitas um pouco mais acima no abdómen em comparação com o Abdominoplastia total, mas são mais longas e vão da anca à anca. A operação de Abdominoplastia Alargado inclui o contorno abdominal de um Abdominoplastia completo e permite melhorar ainda mais o flanco, bem como suavizar o contorno da parte superior lateral da coxa.

Mini Abdominoplastia:

O Mini Abdominoplastia implica uma incisão mais pequena no abdómen e envolve a remoção do excesso de pele abdominal e de tecido adiposo sem substituir o umbigo. Este método também elimina as cicatrizes sob a barriga que podem ocorrer devido ao parto.

Abdominoplastia inversa:

A abdominoplastia inversa centra-se na parte superior do abdómen. É um espelho do Full Abdominoplastia, que se concentra na zona inferior do abdómen. Envolve a remoção da pele solta da região acima do umbigo.

O que deve ser considerado antes do Abdominoplastia?

 

Antes da cirurgia de elevação do abdómen:

 

  • O doente deve estar no hospital um dia antes da cirurgia para efetuar os testes pré-operatórios.
  • O doente deve deixar de fumar e de consumir álcool pelo menos 2 semanas antes da cirurgia para reduzir o risco de coágulo sanguíneo.
  • O doente deve evitar medicamentos que contenham aspirina ou ibuprofeno (Advil, Motrin IB, outros) durante duas semanas antes e depois da cirurgia. Estes medicamentos podem aumentar o risco de hemorragia interna. Os pacientes devem confirmar cada medicamento e suplemento que desejam tomar com o coordenador do paciente.
  • O paciente deve parar de tomar suplementos multivitamínicos 7 dias antes da cirurgia e, se contiverem vitamina K, não devem ser utilizados durante 30 dias após a cirurgia.
  • A paciente deve parar de tomar contraceptivos orais 30 dias antes da cirurgia.

 

O corpo do paciente será examinado e medido, e será feita a recomendação sobre o tipo de cirurgia de Abdominoplastia mais adequado. O cirurgião poderá mandar tirar fotografias para que o paciente possa comparar a aparência antes e depois da cirurgia de Abdominoplastia.

 

Como é realizado o Abdominoplastia?

 

As cirurgias de Abdominoplastia são, normalmente, realizadas sob anestesia geral.

 

Abdominoplastia padrão:

 

É feita uma grande incisão na parte inferior do abdómen, abaixo do umbigo, perto das virilhas, separando a pele da parede abdominal abaixo do umbigo. O excesso de gordura e de pele é removido através da incisão. A pele remanescente é esticada para baixo e colocada no lugar, selando as incisões com suturas.

 

Abdominoplastia alargado:

 

É feita uma incisão grande na parte inferior do abdómen, logo acima da zona púbica, que se estende de anca a anca. É efectuada uma segunda incisão à volta do umbigo para o separar do tecido circundante. A pele é separada da parede abdominal, depois os músculos abdominais por baixo são reorganizados e o excesso de pele e gordura é removido. É feito um novo orifício para o umbigo e este é suturado no sítio. A pele restante é unida e cosida no sítio.

 

Mini Abdominoplastia :

 

É feita uma pequena incisão, semelhante à incisão feita durante uma cesariana. Através da incisão, o cirurgião remove o excesso de gordura e pele e aperta os músculos soltos, criando uma parede abdominal plana e lisa. Um Mini Abdominoplastia é capaz de remover a menor quantidade de excesso de gordura e pele em comparação com outras variantes do Abdominoplastia.

 

Elevação inversa do abdómen:

 

São feitas incisões que atravessam a prega mamária inferior e ligam o esterno aos dois lados da parte superior do abdómen. O excesso de pele é removido e, em seguida, a pele restante é esticada para baixo e colocada no lugar com suturas. Se necessário, pode também ser efectuada uma lipoaspiração. As cicatrizes resultantes podem ser escondidas por baixo da roupa interior ou mesmo de fatos de banho de duas peças.

 

Quais são os aspectos a ter em conta após o Abdominoplastia?

 

Após o procedimento, a área abdominal será coberta com pensos cirúrgicos. Na maioria dos casos, podem ser colocados tubos de drenagem finos e pequenos à volta da área da incisão para evitar a acumulação de sangue e outros fluidos corporais. Recomenda-se que os pacientes façam o seguinte:

 

  • Os pacientes devem usar uma cinta abdominal e peças de vestuário fornecidas após a cirurgia durante pelo menos 6 semanas após a cirurgia.
  • Os pacientes devem ter uma dieta saudável, pois isso tornará o processo de cicatrização mais rápido.
  • Os pacientes devem tomar a medicação prescrita de acordo com as instruções do seu médico.
  • Usar roupas confortáveis e largas.
  • Os doentes devem evitar exercícios extenuantes, exercer pressão sobre a parte inferior do abdómen e andar com as costas direitas.
  • Os doentes devem evitar banhos quentes.

Quais são os riscos do Abdominoplastia?

Como qualquer cirurgia de grande porte, a cirurgia de Abdominoplastia tem certos riscos associados. Estes riscos incluem, mas não estão limitados a:

  • Acumulação de fluidos junto à pele, seroma
  • Infeção
  • Inchaço
  • Cicatrização lenta da ferida
  • Cicatrização
  • Alterações na sensação da pele
  • Reação adversa à anestesia
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